Filter.



No. 858,610. y PATBNTED JULY 2,. 1907. A. LINDEMANN. FILTER. APPLIoATroN FILED MAB. 2v, 190e. v

2 SAEEETB-SIHEET 1.

PATENTED JULY 2, 1907.

A. LINDEM'ANN.

FILTER; ARILIOATION FILED MAB. 27. 1906.

BBHEBTS-BHBET 2.

"IWI/IIIA 4 WQ ww UNITED STATES AUGUST LINDEMANN or NEW YORK, N. Y.

FILTER.

l Application filed March To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST LINDEMANN, a citizen of Y the `German Empire, residing in Bronx borough, county capacity which 'can be constructed at comparatively low cost, the provision of a filtering-apparatus which may be quickly and effectively cleansed, the provision of a filtering-apparatus for sugar Syrups and other heavy liquids which will be rapid in action and have but little tendency to become clogged so as to require the stoppage of the process of filtration in order to cleanse the filter.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear as it is hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated two slightly different embodiments of the invention.

lt is of course to be understood that the details of construction may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope thereof, which is defined in the appended claims,

In the drawings :I Figure 1 is a view in vertical section through a complete filter constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in horizontal section, showing the arrangement of the filter-bag frames within the outer casing or shell. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in side elevation showing the arrangement of the outlet-valves for the filtrate. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view through one of the lter-bag frames and ilterbags, showing the bag thrown into transverse folds to increase the filtering-area. Fig. 5 is a detail view in section showing the mode of securing the neck of a filter-bag on the discharge-tube of a filter-frame, and the manner in which the discharge-tube of a filter-frame is connected with one of the outlet-passages in the base of the filter-casing. Fig. 6 is a view showing the mode of securing the doors of the filter-casing or shell so as to form a water-tight joint with the partition-wall of the casing. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view through a slightly modified form of filter.

As will be observed upon inspection of the drawings, the present invention relates to bag-filters, that is, filters in which the filtering medium consists of one or more bags of textile material of suitable porosity, and

the species of bag-filter to which the invention especially relates is that in which the filtrate passes through the walls of the bags from the outside inward, so that the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1907.

, 1906. Serial No. 308.237.

solid matter remains on the outside of the bag and the ltrate is drawn off from the interior.

Referring to the drawings by the reference characters, andp articularly to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, 1 designates the casing or shell of the filter, which is preferably formed of cast-iron plates and comprises a top 2, a bottom 3, side-walls @-4, and a central partition 5 which is provided with a number of large apertures 6 to permit free communication between the chambers on either side of the partition. The casing of the filter is provided at either end with a pair of doors 7, each of which is hinged at one of the side-walls, as best shown in Fig. 2. These doors are secured in place by means of fastening-bolts 8 and 9 arranged around their margins and serving to hold the doors in close contact with gaskets 1 0 of rubber or other equivalent material set into suitable recesses in the walls, top, bottom, and partition of the casing.

As illustrated, the filter comprises two chambers which communicate through the openings 6 in the partition above mentioned. The bottoms oi the chambers 11 slope toward the partition 5 so that the solid matter accumulated by the' filter-bags on their outer surface may be washed out of the filter-casing through a waste-pipe 12 in the bottom of the casing immedi ately under the partition 5. The liquid to be ltered is admitted to one of the chambers 11 through a suitable inlet-port 13 in one of the side-walls 4, which walls .are stiffened in order to withstand the internal pressure by means of channelbars 14 provided on their outer surface.

Each of the filter-chambers is designed to accommodate a plurality of filter-bags, each oi which is supported upon a frame 15. The number of the frames 15 which can be employed will depend upon the dimensions of the casing, but l have found that a convenient number of frames for a filter is ninety-six, forty-eight frames being provided in each chamber and being arranged side by side in vertical position, Bas clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The frames are constructed of tubing of suitable gage and are of'substantially rectangular form, having the corners rounded and being provided midway between the ends with a transverse piece of tubing 1G which serves to stiften the frame and to prevent the side-walls of the bags from being pressed into Contact at the middle of the frame. Each filter-frame is provided with a set of cords 17, some oi which are vertically arranged and some extend transversely across the frames,l being laced through openings provided in the tubing of which the filter-frame is formed, The openings through which the cords 17 pass are considerably larger than the cords themselves, and being quite numerous, provide passages through which the filtrate may readily pass to the interior of the tubing of which the filter-frames are formed. The cords 17 are knotted at intervals, as shown in Fig. 1, and the cords and the knots are effective in preventing the sidewalls of the bags from coming into close contact undei the pressure exerted by the liquid on the exterior of the bags. The lter-frames are supported in position at the bottom-by bars or ridges 18 extending along the bottom of the casing adjacent to the partition 5 and by the outlet-tubes 19 of the frames themselves, which are set into steps or sockets formed in the bottom of the casing and so placed that the outlet-tubes of the filter-frames seated therein will register with the outlet-passages 20 leading to the valves 21, by means of which the outfiow of the filtrate is controlled. The bars or ridges 18 are notched on top, as shown at 22 in FigA 2, to receive the filter-frames and hold them at suitable distances apart at the bottom. At the top the filter-frames are kept in position by lugs 23 secured to the top of the casing and so placed that the filter-frames are held parallel throughout their length. Each filter-frame is designed to afford support for a filter-bag 24 which is open at the top to permit the introduction of the filter-frame, and is provided at the bottom with an opening reinforced by a binder 25 of metal or other suitable material` The opening at the bottom is of just sufficient size to permit the passage of the outlet-tube 19 of the filter-frame, which is provided with a shoulder 26 against which the binder 25 is secured by means of a ring 27 of rubber slipped over the outlet-tube of the filter-frame and the adjacent portions of the filter-bag. Each filter-bag is considerably longer than the filter-frame upon which it is to be supported, but is made of just sufficient width to permit the ready introduction of the frame. The object of making the bags of these dimensions is to permit the bags to be thrown into transverse folds, as shown in Fig. 4, and also to provide a sufficient amount of fabric at the top of the bag to form a fold 28 to act as a closure to the bag at the top.

The operation of the filter as described in the foregoing paragraphs will be readily understood. The filterframes with the bags secured thereon being set in position within the casing with the outlet-tubes of the frames seated in the sockets provided therefor, and the doors of the casing being properly fastened the syrup or other liquid to be filtered is introduced through the inlet-port 13, and a flow is at once set up through the bags 24 from the outside inward, the filtrate passing into the tubing of which the filter-frames are constructed and flowing toward the valves 21. These valves 21 are three-way valves arranged in two banks, as shown in Fig. 3, as the filter-frames are placed too close together topermit them to be arranged in a single bank. Each of the valves 21 communicates with a pipe 29 which is connected with a source of compressed air or steam, branch pipes 30 being provided between the pipe 29 and the valves. The flow of filtrate through the valves, however, is not interfered with by the compressed air or steam in the pipe 29, as the valves are of suitable construction to permit the filtrate to flow. After the filter has been in operation for a considerable length of time and the solid matter has accumulated upon the outer surfaces ofthe bags to a suicient extent to interfere with the filtration, the valves 21 are turned to cut off the flow of filtrate, and the compressed air ory steam, preferably the latter, is permitted to pass from the pipe 29 through the valves and into the interior of the filter-frame, from which it passes through the small openings in the tubing of each frame into the interior of the bags, and so forces the side-walls of the bags outward and agitatesthem, thus shaking off the solid matter adhering thereto, which then settles to the bottom of the casing. After the filter has been in operation so long lthat more complete cleansing of the bags is required than can be accomplished b v the admission of compressed air or steam to the interior of the bags, the contents of the filter are drawn off and the doors 7 are opened so as to afford access to the interior of the easing. The filter-frames may then be removed one by one with the bags supported thereon, each frame being lifted sufficiently to raise the outlet-tuinl out of the socket in the betteln of the filter, and then beingl swung forward at the bottom and lowered at the top to release the fil t erfraine from engagement with the lugs 23. ',lhe bags and filter-frames being thus removed from the easing. the bags can be effectively cleansed without removal from the frames, as all the solid matter accumulates on the exterior of the bags and can be readily washed off with the frames still in position inside the bags. After the cleansing of the bags, the bags and frames can be returned to the interior of the casing in the manner alread Iv described, and the process of filtration resumed.

In Fig. 7 l have illustrated the form of filter in which the casing 31 is provided with a removable top 32 instead of with doors at the ends, and the filter-frames l Ii. which are also formed of tubing like the filter-frames already described, are suspended from suitable supports in the upper part of the casing. The outlet-tulws 34 of these filter-frames rest on the inner ends of pipes 35 extending through the side-walls of the easing, and three-way valves 36 are provided in these pipes to control the flow of filtrate from the filter and to provide, when desired, for the introduction of steam or compressed air into the filter from a pipe 37 communieatin g with the valves. The filter-bags in this form of filter are open at the top and have to be carefully folded around the outlet-tubes 34 of the filter-frames and secured thereon in some suitable manner. A bag is indicated at 38 in Fig. 7 by dot and dash lines. 'lhe liquor to be filtered enters the filter-casing in this form of filter through an opening 39, and the accumulated solid mattei' in the casing is drawn off through an opening -f0 in the bottom of the casing at a lower point than the inlet 39.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A bug frame for filter bags formed of hollow members arranged in one plane and adapted to support; a filter bag of substantially the forni of the l'rame and of corresponding dimensions when the frame is inserted within the bag, said hollow members having openings to admit the filtrate to the interior of said members` and having an outlet through which the filtrate may pass from the inteiior of said frame members to the outside of the filter bag.

2. A bag frame for filter bags formed of hollow membei's arranged in one plane and inclosing an area of substantially the shape of the filter bag, said members hai'- ing openings to admit the filtrate to the interior of said members, und having an outlet; through which the filtrate may pass from the interior off said members to the outside of the bag.

3. A bag-frame for filter-bags which is of' rectangular form and constructed of hollow members having openings Sti titl

to admit the filtrate to the interior of said members, and having an outlet through which the ltrate may pass from the interior of the members of the bag-frame to the exterior of the bag.

4. A bag frame for lter bags formed of hollow members having openings through which the ltrate may pass to the interior of said members and having a structure arranged between said hollow members to prevent the side portions of the filter bag supported by the frame from coming into close contact with each other.

5. A bag-frame for ilter-bagsformed of hollow members having openings through which the tiltrate may pass to the interior of said members, and having cords stretched between said members to prevent the sides of the ilterbag supported by the frame from coming into close con tact with each other.

6. A bag-frame for filter-bags which is formed of tubular members having openings formed therein to permit the passage of the filtrate to the interior of said tubular members, and having cords stretched across the frame and extending through the opening in said tubular frame mem bers, said cords serving to prevent the sides of the bag from coming into close contact with each other.

7. ln a filter, a l'lter bag having an opening through which a bag frame may be inserted into the bag and having a smaller opening opposite said irstmentioned opening to permit the passage of the filtrate from within the bag, and a frame adapted for insertion within the bag to support the saine and provided with a tube adapted to extend through the small opening in the bag provided for the passage of the filtrate.

S. In a filter, a filter bag having an opening therein for the insertion of a bag frame and having substantially opposite the opening for the insertion of a bag frame a smaller opening for the passage of the filtrate from within the bag, and a tilter frame adapted for insertion within `the bag to form a support therefor and formed of hollow members having openings to admit the nitrate to the interior of said members and having an outlet for the filtrate adapted to register with the opening in the bag for the passage of the tiltrate when the frame is inserted Within the bag.

9. In4 a filter, a filter bag having an opening therein for the `insertion of a bag frame to support the bag and having substantially opposite said opening a smaller` opening for the passage of the iiltrate, a bag frame adapted for insertion Within said filter bag and having an outlet tube for the ltrate adapted to pass through the opening provided n the bag for the passage of the nitrate, and means for securing said tube snugly in said opening.

l0. In a filter, the combination with a casing which may be hermetically sealed, of a bag-frame inclosed within said casing and formed of hollow members having openings through which the filtrate may pass to the interior of said members, and an outlet-tube connected with a passage leading from said casing, a filter-bag supported ou said bag-frame, a valve controlling the flow of the [iltrate through said passage, and a source of tiuid under pressure connected with said valve, which source of uid under pressure may be thrown into communication with the interior of said bag-frame members by means of said valve, whereby the sides of said bag may be thrown into vibration and matter adhering thereto thrown ott.

11. In a Iilter, the combination with an oblong bagframe, of a filter-bag slightly wider than said frame and considerably longer than the frame, so that when the bag is in position on said frame it may be adjusted thereon so as to present a series of transverse folds.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name in the presence o f two witnesses.

AUGUS'L LINDEMANN. 'Witnesses BAXTER MoR'roN, H. RICHARD Wsn. 

